July 16, 2025: The Water Cost of Electricity on the Susquehanna River

May 15, 2025: Data Centers and Nuclear Power on the Susquehanna River: More Questions than Answers

Sep 29, 2024: The case against restarting Three Mile Island’s Unit-1


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"Energy Secretary Backs Restart of Indian Point Nuclear Plant in NY"
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Peach Bottom Atomic Power Station, Units 2 and 3 - Age-Related Degradation Inspection Report 05000277/2026010 and 05000278/2026020

ADAMS Accession No. ML26068A044
 
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By Roger Rapoport.  March 2, 2026

Detroit Free Press: Michigan's risky Palisades reactor restart is behind schedule

 
Just six months after receiving its first operating license for a nuclear reactor, Holtec International’s “unprecedented milestone in U.S. nuclear energy” may be turning into a millstone. 
Holtec is attempting the first-ever reopening of a nuclear plant permanently closed for decommissioning – the Palisades reactor, near Lake Michigan in Van Buren County, which was shut down in 2022.
Restarting this reactor has always been a risky bet.  Twenty-one months into the project, Holtec has announced delay after delay while continuing to draw vast public subsidies to restart a plant that a far more experienced operator shut down.  As management fails to submit required documentation, costly nuclear fuel sits idle at Palisades, and Holtec seeks exceptions from Nuclear Regulatory Commission for work on a reactor so noncompliant that no government agency would even consider approving its construction today.
As the project stutters, it's becoming clear that Washington and Lansing lawmakers are gambling Michigan’s reputation on the dangerous restart of the wrong reactor.
 
Delays and exceptions
After multiple delays, stretching back to June 2024, Holtec, a New Jersey company with zero nuclear reactor operating experience, is back in line at the Nuclear Regulatory Commission seeking forgiveness for unpermitted welding on the 55-year-old Palisades reactor pressure vessel containment head.  
This ask, likely to take many months to review, comes after a late 2025 NRC amendment to the Palisades fire safety plan to comply with current government reactor standards. It also follows a controversial NRC exemption related to resleeving approximately 1,400 cracked tubes at the plant’s ancient steam generators, as well as a unique October 2025 accident in which a worker fell into the reactor vessel and had to be fished out.
A day after Gov. Gretchen Whitmer boasted in her state of the state address that Michigan has become the “first state to ever restart a nuclear power plant at Palisades” the Nuclear Regulatory Commission released a transcript of a Feb. 12 letter to Holtec announcing yet another “change in the reactor’s estimated review schedule.”
Citing “the need to request additional information from Holtec,” the agency said it “expects to complete its review by April 8.” 
The agency cautioned that “these estimates could change due to several factors such as subsequent requests for additional information and an unanticipated addition of scope to the review.” 
To the surprise of the financial community and the nuclear industry at large, Holtec is betting the farm on an NRC “relief request” unprecedented in the 68-year history of American atomic power.
In an 84-page filing released by the NRC in late January, Holtec concedes this unauthorized welding does not comply with American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standards.
This is a humiliating blow to the bipartisan coalition in Congress and the Michigan Legislature backing this unprecedented reactor restart, with billions in grants, subsidies and loans.
These new safety challenges at Palisades could threaten financing of the entire atomic energy industry.  Continued Holtec startup delays could also crush the Trump and Whitmer administrations’ plans to subsidize two more Holtec nuclear plants at the Palisades site with a startup $400 million grant.  Michigan previously approved two $150 million grants for the project, and the U.S. Department of Energy authorized a separate $1.5 billion loan.  Anticipating a green light, Holtec has already clearcut vast acreage to make room for these first-of-their-kind reactors.
Kevin Kamps at the advocacy group Beyond Nuclear estimates the tab for state and corporate welfare at this Covert Township reactor, as well as the Big Rock Point reactor site near Charlevoix, could top $16 billion.  This underscores why Holtec is in a hurry to launch an initial public offering aimed at netting up to $10 billion.
 
Windfall profits for an
inexperienced nuclear operator
A windfall of this kind would be a remarkable achievement for the rookie New Jersey-based reactor operator.  It bought Palisades in 2022 for decommissioning after it was shut down ahead of schedule by nuclear fleet operator Entergy Nuclear.  After drawing down many millions from the Palisades decommissioning trust fund the Holtec team did a series of repairs on the 55-year-old reactor.  Last summer the NRC granted Holtec an operating license.  The restart schedule has been delayed for agency review of Holtec’s welds involving the Reactor Pressure Vessel Closure Head, Control Rod Drive Mechanism and InCore Instrumentation Penetrations.
Central to this work are nozzles sealing off control rods held in long tubes atop the 150-ton reactor pressure vessel head.  The control rods are inserted to turn the reactor off and removed to start it up.  Part of the primary coolant system, these nozzles contain a radioactive boric acid solution.
Consumers and its successor, Entergy Nuclear, skipped these overdue upgrades.  They saved time and money by submitting to two decades of stepped up NRC reactor inspections.  That special treatment led to additional shutdowns that cost millions per day.  This expense and other safety related challenges persuaded Entergy to give up and sell the obsolete plant to Holtec for government-subsidized decommissioning.
Today, a Palisades restart requires NRC approval of unauthorized and noncompliant welds at the plant.
 
Too dangerous to get wrong
Critical to the NRC’s review is analyzing the possibility that Holtec’s unauthorized welds could contribute to a dangerous leak.  If that happened, highly radioactive boric acid could be dumped on the reactor pressure vessel closure head, similar to the Davis-Bessie disaster.
This would lead to an immediate safety-related shutdown causing reputational damage to the nuclear power industry.  It could also erode investor confidence in the viability of other startups seeking federal and state funding.  Among those are the Google/Meta backed restarts of reactors at Pennsylvania’s Three Mile Island and Iowa’s Duane Arnold Energy Center.
Alan Blind, Palisades director of engineering for six years and former vice president for nuclear at New York’s Consolidated Edison says: 
“Holtec’s new relief request makes it clear they did not follow the NRC-required ASME standards on this unapproved welding work.  No nuclear reactor company in the world would have gone ahead on this work without advance regulatory approval.  I don’t know of any company that has done nozzle welding this way.”
 
The questionable work focuses on nozzle welds at the bottom of the control rod tubes.  As required by NRC regulations, reactor operators submit their welding code relief requests for review and approval prior to starting this critical work.  Because it previously ran the plant on a decommissioning license, Holtec proceeded on the legal theory of “implied consent.”
Blind says Holtec’s new exemption request under an operation license 
“makes it clear the plant is completely out of compliance.  There is no easy way to fix what they have apparently done wrong on the latest welds.  If the NRC turns down Holtec’s unique proposal, restart of the plant could require replacement of the reactor pressure vessel closure head at a cost of up to $750 million.  This could slow the restart by years.
"This solution, plus the plant’s long overdue need to upgrade its obsolete steam generators, could cost $1.5 billion or more and take up to five years.  That doesn’t take into account other potential safety problems.”
 
Missing paperwork
Another potential challenge is that plant operators are required to submit quality assurance paperwork documenting that welds to the reactor head control rod pressure spray nozzles follow ASME code.
At a Feb. 9 NRC meeting on a related matter, Holtec conceded it does not have required quality assurance paperwork proving metal in the original construction is compatible with new Holtec welds proposed for the Palisades reactor pressurizer.  Failure to provide this kind of critically important quality documentation — central to safe operation — could cripple a restart plan.
Don’t Waste Michigan Director Michael Keegan says: 

"In this meeting, Holtec admitted it has not been able to retrieve these quality assurance documents proving it can meet required ASME code and has no idea when they will be available.  In effect Holtec is telling the NRC ‘the dog ate my homework.’”

NRC Masthead

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No: 26-001 March 5, 2025
CONTACT: Scott Burnell, 301-415-8200

NRC to Hold Public Meeting on Proposed Changes to Contested Hearings

Rockville, Md. – The Nuclear Regulatory Commission announces details on contested hearings public meeting. The proposed rule was issued for public comment on March 3:

What: NRC virtual public meeting to discuss proposed changes to the contested hearing process.

When: March 19, 2026, 1-3 p.m. Eastern time

How: The meeting will include NRC presentations and an opportunity for questions and answers; details on how to attend are included in the meeting notice. Comments on the proposed rule can be submitted through the federal government’s rulemaking webpage at regulations.gov under Docket ID NRC-2025-1501. Details on how to submit comments are included in the rule; comments will be accepted through April 2.

Note: NRC will not be accepting comments during the meeting.

PDF icon26-001-a.pdf

NRC Masthead

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No: 26-030 March 6, 2026
CONTACT: Office of Public Affairs, 301-415-8200

NRC Announces Opportunity to Request a Hearing on
Paducah Laser Enrichment Facility License Application

Rockville, MD. — The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has announced the opportunity to request a hearing on an application from Global Laser Enrichment LLC for a license to construct and operate the proposed Paducah Laser Enrichment Facility in McCracken County, Kentucky.

In a notice and order approved by the Commission, the NRC established milestones for an Atomic Safety and Licensing Board to conduct adjudicatory proceedings on the application.

Anyone whose interest may be affected by the proposed license and who wishes to participate as a party in an adjudicatory hearing on the application must file a petition to intervene within 60 days of when the notice and order is published in the Federal Register. Details on the hearing process and filing requirements are contained in the notice and order, which will be published in the Federal Register at a later date.

The NRC accepted the license application for review on Aug. 4, 2025. Accepting a license application for review is not an indication of whether the NRC will approve the license application.

Global Laser Enrichment seeks a license to construct and operate a facility that uses laser technology to enrich uranium. The proposed facility would be authorized to enrich natural uranium and re-enrich depleted uranium from previous enrichment operations.

The NRC is preparing a safety evaluation report and an environmental impact statement as part of its review. The agency previously published a notice to conduct a scoping process to prepare an environmental impact statement. No licensing decision has been made.

Additional information on the hearing process and fuel cycle facility licensing is available on the NRC website.

 


PDF icon26-030.pdf

Highlights in bold,
 
March 4, 2026.
 
 
Hello again, Eric;
 
The staff has provided the following information regarding your Peach Bottom questions:
 
There is no question asked in 3a, so no response is available.
 
DOE began groundwork for a new onsite facility called the Environmental Management Disposal Facility (EMDF) in 2023. It is scheduled to begin accepting waste by 2035.
 
Amendment No. 18 to Facility Operating License No. DPR-12 for Peach Bottom Unit 1 was issued on June 11, 2024, (ML24082A241). This amendment revises Technical Specifications (TSs) requirements allowing the licensee to do characterizations that will support the development of a contingency plan. The Environmental Review and Modification of License Expiration Dates for Peach Bottom Units 2 and 3 was issued on September 30, 2025 (ML25209A020). The December 23, 2025, exemption authorizes the licensee to complete decommissioning at Peach Bottom Unit 1 no later than 20 years after permanent cessation of operations of either Peach Bottom Unit 2 or 3, whichever is earlier, and in no case to extend decommissioning of Peach Bottom Unit 1 beyond 2074. The NRC staff asked several clarifying questions regarding security, environment, funding, waste disposal, and shared systems during the audit conducted on April 11, 2024. The licensee provided the responses on May 13, 2024, in its supplemental information letter (ML24134A179). The shared systems are discussed in this letter. Follow-up responses from the licensee were provided in the RAI response letter dated August 1, 2024.
 
The fuel handling and transfer paperwork sent with the fuel from Peach Bottom has not been located. An extensive search was done to determine if the NRC possesses any more documentation regarding “bent storage vault,” “broken elements,” leaking canisters, and “salvage cans.” No documentation was found.
 
With regards to questions 11, 12 and 14, please contact DOE using this form:  Contact Us | Department of Energy
 
 
As always, please let me know if you have additional questions. Thanks.
 
 
TMI-2 Advisory Panel, March 4, 2026.
Reported by Maureen Mulligan.
 
  1.  NRC Project Manager Tanya Hood was on the call and said NRC would continue to do quarterly waste disposal on-site  inspections.  
  2. Destroying the cooling towers is in phase two unless Constellation moves ahead with reopening the site. 
  3. James Harris who heads up Waste management division reported that 55 shipments of Class A waste has been shipped.  In 2026, they will ship 31 of Class A waste and 48 low level shipments.  
  4. On March 31st, the decommissioning Trust  Fund status report is due to NRC.  I asked when it would be available to the public.  They answered that after the sign off from NRC it would be posted on www.nrc.gov under the “public section”.  They said right now the fund was in good shape.  Should be on line by mid-April. 
  5. The biggest take away I thought was the fact they expect to ask for a license extension to the 60 year clean up schedule if Constellation moves forward with the Microsoft plan.  
  6.  They claim to be working to reduce volumetric waste but I didn’t catch how.  I did see your discovery question about allowing other waste in with high level waste (HLRW) That seems to contradict the statement by Dwight Shearer ( I think it was) that they are reducing volumetric waste.  
  7. The other key point is Constellation plans to deliver fuel to the site this year.  DEP Rad Protection said they will re-start assessing  them for DEP’s monitoring  costs, probably in July .  DEP said once fuel is delivered, there are safety concerns.  DEP said the assessment would be under $10,000.

JOIN NRC meeting and push back against radiation menace

Thursday, March 12, 2026, 2-3:30 PM ET

The NRC will host a hybrid public meeting Thursday, March 12, 2:00-3:30 ET to discuss its approach to implementing the review and wholesale revision of regulations and guidance required (NRC's word, emphasis added) by White House Executive Order 14300
 
This meeting focuses on section 5 of the order, which includes a requirement to adopt a harmful and anti-scientific threshold limit for radiation exposure. This is the first step in an overhaul of both standards and NRC's ability to implement them. Participants will be able to ask questions of the NRC staff and provide informal feedback during the meeting. However, public comments will only be accepted on individual rules as they are posted in the Federal Register. 
 
The tentative date given for a proposed rule rollout in the Federal Register for section 5 of EO 14300 is April 30. The current schedule of all rules can be found on the NRC’s website
 
Under attack is the LNT model of radiation damage, which holds that radiation damage increases with increasing exposures, and that harm is posed by all radiation exposure no matter how small. In fact, health studies continue to indicate that MORE protection is needed for cancer and non cancer impacts, and for radionuclides taken internally, than currently provided by the LNT. This is especially true for pregnancy and females. 
 
In December 2025, Forty-one groups signed a letter to NRC opposing Executive Order 14300 directives and calling for better radiation protection for all.
MORE

Beyond Nuclear | 301.270.2209 | www.BeyondNuclear.org

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PDF icon26-028.pdf

Public Meeting Schedule: Meeting Details

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Meeting info
Purpose
Section 5 of EO 14300 directed the NRC to undertake a review and wholesale revision of its regulations and guidance documents, and issue notices of proposed rulemaking effecting this revision within 9 months [February 23, 2026] and issue final rules and guidance to conclude this revision process within 18 months [November 23, 2026]. This meeting seeks to provide an overview of how the NRC is implementing EO 14300, Section 5. Presentations will include a discussion of the agency’s approach, a high-level overview of rulemakings the NRC is conducting, and an overview of NRC’s compliance with EO 12866 “Regulatory Planning and Review” process.
Meeting Feedback
Meeting Dates and Times
03/12/26
2:00PM - 3:30PM ET

 
Meeting Location
Hybrid
Commission Hearing Room
Webinar
Webinar Link:https://teams.microsoft.com/meet/23788754922762?p=KH61CLti7yKonAVHUG
Webinar Meeting Number:237 887 549 227 62
Webinar Password:CQ763gQ9
Contact
David Curtis
(630) 829-9800

Mirabelle Shoemaker
(301) 415-7363
Mary Olson, Founder and CEO
Generational Radiation Impact Project / GRIP
Life cycles...we are part

https://www.brooklynstorylab.net/blog/olympic-torch-meet-nuclear-waste

Olympic Torch, Meet Nuclear Waste

The 2026 Winter Olympics have just concluded in Italy — dazzling performances on ice and snow, punctuated by the occasional over-confessional athlete and embarrassing U.S. official (here and here). But taken together, the Games once again captured the global imagination, reminding us how powerfully a single flame can unite us and hold the world’s attention.

In two years, that flame will be lit in Los Angeles.

The 2028 Summer Olympics promise spectacle and pageantry, with representatives from nearly every nation on earth (at least the ones whose governments have yet to be toppled to distract us from the Epstein Files).

Unlike the 2024 Paris Games, which sent surfers halfway across the globe to Tahiti, Los Angeles will keep its surfing competition closer to home: San Onofre Beach, one of Southern California’s most iconic breaks.

San Onofre is also home to the retired San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS).

Buried there are 3.6 million pounds of radioactive waste. Stored in aging casks. On a beach vulnerable to destructive king tides. In a region so seismically active it has earned the nickname “Earthquake Bay.”

Roughly nine million people live within a 50-mile radius.

What could possibly go wrong?

The Study We Shouldn’t Ignore

The juxtaposition of Olympic flame and retired nuclear reactors would be jarring even if nuclear power were as “clean” and “harmless” as its advocates insist. But new research suggests the story is far more complicated.

A recent Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health study, “Proximity to Nuclear Power Plants Associated with Increased Cancer Mortality,” found a link between living near nuclear facilities and elevated cancer death rates.

For decades, the dominant narrative around U.S. nuclear energy has been that it is tightly regulated and poses no meaningful health risk to surrounding communities. This study raises serious questions about that reassurance.

Nuclear plants are not emission-free. Routine operations release small amounts of radioactive materials into air and water. The exposure may be low-dose, but it is often chronic. Over time, small exposures accumulate.

Epidemiology detects patterns across populations — and this study suggests that proximity matters.

The research was conducted with assistance from the Radiation and Public Health Project (RPHP), a long-time partner of Brooklyn Story Lab. This is public health science examining measurable outcomes at the very moment nuclear energy is being promoted as “carbon-free” and essential to climate goals.

And the concerns extend beyond routine operations.

Every nuclear reactor produces high-level radioactive waste — spent fuel that remains dangerously radioactive for tens of thousands of years.

More than 100,000 tons of that spent fuel are currently stored at 76 sites across the United States. Yet the country still has no permanent, operational repository for that dangerous waste. Storage systems designed as temporary have quietly become indefinite.

San Onofre is not unique. It is emblematic.

The casks there were never intended to sit indefinitely on an eroding beach.

Yet in 2028, Olympic surfers will paddle out in the Pacific within just three miles of those millions of pounds of toxic, radioactive waste.

Even if a permanent repository were built somewhere in the American West, the problem would not disappear — it would simply move.

As Dr. Marvin Resnikoff noted during a recent webinar hosted by Forums for a Nuclear-Free New York — alongside environmental attorney Susan Shapiro and moderated by Brooklyn Story Lab — the Department of Energy’s plan for transporting nuclear fuel relies primarily on rail.

That would mean widespread shipment of high-level radioactive material across cities, rivers, and communities.

Do hazardous material derailments happen?

Uhhh, yes.

Rail infrastructure in the United States is aging. We have seen how difficult toxic spill cleanups can be. A radiological release would not dissipate like smoke or degrade like oil. And if it happened in an area as populated as Southern California, the consequences could be catastrophic.

A Simple Question

Nuclear power is often defended in abstract terms: grid stability, baseload generation, carbon intensity.

So make it personal. If you had the choice, would you live within 20 miles of a nuclear reactor? Would you feel comfortable raising a family there?

If the answer is hesitation, that hesitation deserves scrutiny.

We plan the Olympics years in advance. Nuclear waste demands planning for centuries.

That toxic waste will remain — long after the athletes go home and the Olympic flame is extinguished.

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